SKU: 87667338954

Knowware - the third star after Hardware and Software

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Description

Knowware - the third star after Hardware and SoftwareThis book proposes to separate knowledge from software and to make it a commodity that is called knowware. The architecture, representation and function of Knowware are discussed. The principles of knowware engineering and its three life cycle models: furnace model, crystallization model and spiral model are proposed and analyzed. Techniques of software knowware co engineering are introduced. A software component whose knowledge is replaced by

This book proposes to separate knowledge from software and to make it a commodity that is called knowware.
The architecture, representation and function of Knowware are discussed. The principles of knowware engineering and its three life cycle models: furnace model, crystallization model and spiral model are proposed and analyzed. Techniques of software/knowware co-engineering are introduced. A software component whose knowledge is replaced by knowware is called mixware. An object and component oriented development schema of mixware is introduced. In particular, the tower model and ladder model for mixware development are proposed and discussed.
Finally, knowledge service and knowware based Web service are introduced and compared with Web service. In summary, knowware, software and hardware should be considered as three equally important underpinnings of IT industry.

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SKU: 87667338954

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Mary Dora
Pawtucket, US
★★★★★ 5
Great Purchase
Color: Black
Love this purchase.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 15, 2026
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Laurie
Port Orchard, US
★★★★★ 5
Sturdy, roomy, preserves my shoulders!
Color: Pink
Cute and perfect to help me with my new "minimalist" commitment. After multiple shoulder surgeries I needed to get the purse straps OFF my shoulders. This wristlet hangs on my wrist without slipping off and has enough room for my wallet, chapstick, hand sanitizer, air pods, a few pens, a protein bar, and one or two other random items. Looks small, holds a LOT! Withstands my everyday life of banging it around, spilling coffee on it, and generally putting it through a wringer. It still looks great!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 21, 2026
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Angela
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 5
Just what you need for an event
Color: Silver
Compact but lots of storage.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 21, 2026
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Amazon Customer
Cuba, US
★★★★★ 3
Looks great but the black purse Smells like fish
Color: Black
The black purse looks nice but smells like fish. I even tried to wash it out a couple times and it didn’t work.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 16, 2026
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George Engelman
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 4
A great, small wristlet purse.
Color: Black
I purchased an ivory and navy blue GAYI URBAN clutch bag and love them! Small, Cute, classy and surprising how much you can fit in the purse! I also purchased a black one that smells like dead fish and am returning that one. That is disappointing.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 7, 2025

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